Glaucoma
Glaucoma: It is a set of pathological conditions, generally asymptomatic, that alter the optic nerve, affecting progressively the peripheral vision till its total loss. This depends on the medical history of every specific case. This disorder correlates with the intraocular pressure (IOP) values. Taking into account that there is not a standard value that can be applied to all human beings, medical examinations must be frequent and thorough. Even though the origin of this disease is usually hereditary familial, it can also be the secondary result of traumas, the use of corticoids, and auto-immune or metabolic disorders. Most frequently, it can be observed the following: open-angle glaucoma (angle made up by the iris root and the cornea: drainage location of the aqueous humour). In some cases, there is an abrupt blockage of that angle: closed-angle glaucoma that manifests itself clinically with a well-defined increase of the intraocular pressure and symptomatology, for example, acute pain. The treatment is essentially topical and, on certain occasions, it requires surgical intervention: trabeculectomy, NPDS, Ahmed valve implantation and/or treatment with argon laser or yag laser.